Aperçu des sections

  • Généralités

    Semestre : 3 -ème Semestre 

    UE : Unité d’Enseignement Fondamentale 1 

    Matière 1: Plant physiology 

    Crédits : 4 / Coefficients : 2

    Responsable de module: Dr ZEDDIG Houda

    Email: h.zeddig@centre-univ-mila.dz


    • Plant physiology is the science which is connected to the material and energy exchange, growth and development, as well as movement of plant. Plant physiology is the science that studies plant function: what is going on in plants. Another definition of plant physiology: is the study of plant function, encompassing the dynamic processes of growth, metabolism and reproduction in living plants.

      Plant physiology is overlapped with its related branch of knowledge: biochemistry, biophysics, and molecular biology. The basic knowledge of plant physiology, that is necessary for experts in agriculture. Uptake and transport of water and minerals are explained in general. The nutrient supply of plant is presented in details (essential elements, solute transport, nutritional deficiencies). Most common processes of plant biochemistry and metabolism, such as photosynthesis, are highlighted. Plant growth and development.

      Content of the subject

      Chapter 1 : Structure and Function of different cell organelles.

      Chapter 2 : Absorption, Transport and water loss in plants (water and nutriments in plant).

      Chapter 3 : Transpiration.

      Chapter 4 : Mineral nutriments.

      Chapter 5 : Nitrogen nutriments.

      Chapter 6 :Photosynthesis.

      Chapter 7 : Growth and Development.


  • chapter 1: structure ans functio of different cell organells.

    The cell is the basic unit of life in all organisms. Like humans and animals, plants are also composed of several cells. The plant cell is surrounded by a cell wall which is involved in providing shape to the plant cell. Apart from the cell wall, there are other organelles that are associated with different cellular activities. Let us have a detailed look at the plant cell, its structure, and functions of different plant cell organelles.

  • chapter 2: water nutrition.

    Water is the most important component on earth. It can exist in three states : solid, liquid and vapour. Water covers around 70% of earths surface. The life on earth cannot exist without water. Water chemically made up of hydrogen and oxygen. Water is the most important component of living cells. It enters the plants through roots and then moves to other parts. It is also lost by transpiration through the aerial parts of plants, mainly through the leaves. There are several phenomena involved in the movement of water about which you will study in this lesson.

  • chapter 3: Transpiration

    Loss of excess of water in the form of water vapour from the aerial part of the plant body mostly through the leaves is known as transpiration. The loss of water due to transpiration is quite high, 2 litres per day in Sunflower, 36-45 litres in Apple and up to 1 tonne per day in Elm tree. Rather 98- 99% of the water absorbed by a plant is lost in transpiration. Hardly 0.2% is used in photosynthesis while the remaining is retained in the plant during growth.

  • chapter 4: Mineral nutrition in plants

    Plants require certain elements for their normal growth when any of these elements are not available to plants, it will develop definite deficiency symptoms

  • chapter 5: Nitrogen nutrition

    Nitrogen (N2) is an abundant and chemically inert gas making up almost 79-80% of the Earth's atmosphere. It is a vital component of many biomolecules such as: (1) proteins and (2) nucleic acids. However, the gaseous nitrogen molecules can't be used directly by animals or plants. Only a few species of bacteria and cyanobacteria (nitrogen-fixing organisms) can convert atmospheric nitrogen to biologically useful forms. Thus, despite its atmospheric abundance, biologically useful nitrogen is frequently in short supply and often may be the limiting factor (nutrient) in an ecosystem.

  • chapter 6: photosynthesis

    Photosynthesis is the process whereby organisms such as plants, some protists and some bacteria use the energy from sunlight to convert (fix) atmospheric carbon dioxide into carbohydrates, that is, light energy is converted into chemical energy. The organisms which can convert light energy into chemical energy in this way are called autotrophs as they are capable of making their own food from inorganic compounds such as CO2. hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, Photo = light ; synthesis = to make "putting together". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. It is convenient to think of photosynthesis in this way as it takes place in two stages :

    • The light-dependent reactions

    • The light-independent reactions


  • part 2: growth and development